initializers

I'll try my best to explain what they are and what's the point for us use them.

So first, 'Intializers' are to create a new instance of a type. It's basically provides an initial values for our class' and struct's properties.

Here is code snippet to help you understand this better:

struct PersonA {
    let firstName: String
    let lastName: String

    init() {
        firstName = "Tim"
        lastName = "Cook"
    }

}

struct PersonB {
    let firstName: String
    let lastName: String

}

let aPerson = PersonA()

let bPerson = PersonB(firstName: "Tim", lastName: "Cook")

Our constant aPerson will have the have the values as our bPerson constant. However, as you can see for our aPerson constant since the struct was already initialized we didn't have to provide values for 'firstName' and 'lastName' since it had a default value.

Now how do you create an initializer? Well, you can either do it like we did above by including it inside your struct or class. Or you could do this:

struct PersonB {
    let firstName: String
    let lastName: String

}

let aPerson = PersonA()

let bPerson = PersonB.init(firstName: "Tim", lastName: "Cook")

When it comes to the parentheses '()' they are there since init is a method. Like every method when you call it you need to put the parentheses at the end.

It's already a long post but if I wasn't too clear or need more information just let me know!

Happy coding!