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Python Python Basics (2015) Letter Game App Letter Game Refinement

oz izhak
oz izhak
1,940 Points

Have one simple thing that i dont understand

import os
import random
import sys

words = [
    'banana',
    'orange',
    'strewberry',
    'cocunat',
    'lime',
    'kumquat',
    'grapefruit',
    'apple',
    'lemon',]


def clear():
    if os.name == 'nt':
        os.system('cls')
    else:
        os.system('clear')


def draw(bad_guesses, good_guesses, secret_word):
    clear()

    print('Strikes: {}/7'.format(len(bad_guesses)))
    print('')

    for letter in bad_guesses:
        print(letter, end=' ')
    print('\n\n')

    for letter in secret_word:
        if letter in good_guesses:
            print(letter, end='')
        else:
            print('_', end='')

    print('')


def get_guess(bad_guesses, good_guesses):
    while True:
        guess = input("Guess a letter: ").lower()

        if len(guess) != 1:
            print("You can only guess a single letter")
        elif guess in bad_guesses or guess in good_guesses:
            print("You've already guess that letter!")
        elif not guess.isalpha():
            print("That not a letter, You can only guess a letters!")
        else:
            return guess


def play(done):
    clear()
    secret_word = random.choice(words)
    bad_guesses = []
    good_guesses = []

    while True:
        draw(bad_guesses, good_guesses, secret_word)
        guess = get_guess(bad_guesses, good_guesses)

        if guess in secret_word:
            good_guesses.append(guess)
            found = True
            for letter in secret_word:
                if letter not in good_guesses:
                    found = False
            if found:
                print("You win!")
                print("The secret word was {}".format(secret_word))
                done = True
        else:
            bad_guesses.append(guess)
            if len(bad_guesses) == 7:
                draw(bad_guesses, good_guesses, secret_word)
                print("You lost!")
                print("The secret word was {}".format(secret_word))
                done = True

        if done:
            play_again = input("Play again Y/n ").lower()
            if play_again != 'n':
                return play(done=False)
            else:
                sys.exit()

def welcome():
    start= input("Press enter/return to start or Q to quit ").lower
    if start == 'q':
        print("Bye!")
        sys.exit
    else:
        return True

print('Welcome to Letter Guess!' )

done = False

while True:
    clear()
    welcome()
    play(done)

how the Shel system know it need to run the welcome() function first?? because i see that he write it as last function. i very confused about that. Actually my question is:

Although the functions all over the code doesn't arranged in the order, how Python or the OS know what to print 1st/2/3/4/5.............? and if thier any order, how i dicide what come first?

another thing,

the 'q' does not print Bye, it just start the game again.

tnx alot ! .

[MOD: added ```python formatting -cf]

5 Answers

Chris Freeman
MOD
Chris Freeman
Treehouse Moderator 68,457 Points

Here's how I see the execution flow:

Import stuff; define a list, define functions; print "Welcome..." [1st print]; set done to False, then start the while loop. It is the while loop that determines the order of the function execution: clear(), then welcome(), then play(done).

In execution, welcome() prints the prompt [2nd]. play() will then call get_guess() which will print prompt for guess [3rd]. The remaining printing depends on the flow caused by user responses.

> the 'q' does not print Bye, it just start the game again.

sys.exit() is a function so it must be called with parens.

Chris Freeman
MOD
Chris Freeman
Treehouse Moderator 68,457 Points

After executing clear(), and welcome(), then play(done) is executed. The flow stays within the while loop of play() until it reaches the sys.exit() command. Occasionally, play() will call the other functions defined above in the file, but the flow will fall back into play() when the called function returns. So in the end, once within play the code will basically stay until exit is reached.

Is this helping?

oz izhak
oz izhak
1,940 Points

the print and the while i understand . after that i confuse..:S

oz izhak
oz izhak
1,940 Points

after the while that exeuction clear(), welcome(), then play(done) i just go up and start from draw and getting down that how i see it .

oz izhak
oz izhak
1,940 Points

Very much!! tnx Chriss, you help alot to understood one step more the code. Have great weekend !!